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| − | The Islamic Vision of Development
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| − | in the Light of Maqasid Al-Shariah
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| − | M. Umer Chapra
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| − | Research Adviser
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| − | IRTI-IDB
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| − | 1
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| − | The Vision of Islam
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| − | • The Vision of Islam:
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| − | To be a blessing for mankind (&'()*)+ ,(-)ر
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| − | • To promote the well-being (ح23) of all
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| − | • Isn't this the goal of all societies?
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| − | • Yes! The difference lies in the concept of well-being and how it is to be
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| − | realized
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| − | 2
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| − | How to Realize well-being (Falah)?
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| − | • By helping realize the Maqasid Al-Shariah (Objectives of the Shariah)
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| − | &([\]R X[A YZ3 ،ST+XA وST)IW وST)@U وSTIPW وSTVR دST')U OPQR وه> أن،,I(J F)G+& اA عCD+@?>د اA
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| − | :g+اhi+ )ا,Q)?A XT*3 ود،ةfIPA >T3 >لab>ت ه_^ اPR XA Y وآ،,Q)?A >T3 ,I(G+>ل اab ه_^ اOP-
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| − | (١٣٩ ص،١ ج، ١٩٣٧ ،gP?]I(+ا
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| − | (Al- Ghazali, al-Mustasfa, 1937, Vol. 1, p.139; see also al-Shatibi.(d.790/1388),
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| − | n.d.).
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| − | "The objective of the Shariah is the well-being of the people, which lies in
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| − | safeguarding their faith (Din), their self (Nafs), their intellect ('Aql), their posterity
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| − | (Nasl) and their wealth (Mal). Whatever ensures the safeguard of these five
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| − | principles serves public interest and is desirable, and whatever hurts them is against
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| − | public interest and its removal is desirable" (al-Ghazali, 1937, Vol. 1, p.139 and al-
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| − | Shatibi, Vol. 1, p.38.
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| − | 3
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| − | Some Clarifications:
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| − | 1. Are these the only maqasid?
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| − | 2. Are we bound by the sequence given by al-Ghazali?
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| − | 3. Do we just safeguard or do we go beyond this to enrich and strengthen?
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| − | 4. Are these maqasid independent of each other or are they interdependent?
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| − | • The human self (~PV+)ا
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| − | • Faith (&Rf+)ا
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| − | • Intellect (Y@*+)ا
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| − | • Posterity (YIV+)ا
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| − | • Wealth (لX(+)ا
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| − | 4
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| − |
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| − | Figure 1
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| − | AL-MAQASID (OBJECTIVES OF) AL-SHARIAH
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| − | Human Development and Well-Being
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| − | To be realized by ensuring the enrichment of the following five ingredients for every
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| − | individual
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| − | Nafs
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| − | The human self
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| − | Real human
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| − | Mal development and Din
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| − | Wealth well-being Faith
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| − | (Blessing for
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| − | mankind)
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| − | Aql
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| − | Intellect
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| − | Nasl
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| − | Posterity
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| − | 5
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| − |
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| − | Figure 2
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| − | Enrichment of the
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| − | human self
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| − | (Nafs)
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| − | Dignity, Spiritual Security Good
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| − | self-respect Justice and of life Freedom Education governanc
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| − | and social (2) moral and (5) (6) e
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| − | equality uplift property (7)
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| − | (1) (3) (4)
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| − | Need Employme Equitable Marriage and Family
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| − | Mental Minimiza-
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| − | fulfilment nt and self- distribution proper and social
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| − | upbringing of peace and tion of crime
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| − | employmen of income solidarity
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| − | (8) children happiness and anomie
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| − | t and wealth (12)
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| − | (9) (10) (11)
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| − | (13) (14)
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| − | Wealth Intellect Posterity
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| − | (Māl) (‘Aql) (Nasl)
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| − | Faith
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| − | (Dīn)
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| − | Human
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| − | well-being
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| − | (Falah)
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| − | 6
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| − |
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| − | Figure 3
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| − | Enrichment
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| − | of Faith
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| − | Worldview
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| − | (Tawhīd, Khilafah,
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| − | Risālah and Ākhirah)
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| − | Values Education
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| − | (Rules of Proper motivation (moral as well as
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| − | behaviour) material)
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| − | Justice, freedom, security
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| − | of life, property and
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| − | honour, honesty, Removal of poverty, Equitable Family integrity,
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| − | fulfillment of all socio- need fulfilment of all, distribution social solidarity
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| − | economic and political employment and (Human and political
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| − | obligations, patience, self-employment brotherhood) stability
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| − | thriftners, prudence, opportunities
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| − | tolerance, mutual care
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| − | and trust, etc.
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| − | Good
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| − | governance
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| − | Enrichment of Self,
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| − | Intellect and
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| − | Posterity
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| − | Well-being of all
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| − | (Falāh&)
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| − | 7
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| − |
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| − | Figure 4
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| − | Enrichment of
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| − | ‘Aql (intellect)
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| − | Reward
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| − | Proper High quality Library Freedom for
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| − | upbringing of education and of thought creative Finance
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| − | at affordable research and work
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| − | prices facilities expression
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| − | Expansion of knowledge
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| − | and technological base
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| − | Enrichment of faith, self,
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| − | posterity and wealth
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| − | Socio-economic and
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| − | political development
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| − | Human
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| − | well-being
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| − | 8
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| − |
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| − | Figure 5
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| − | Enrichment of
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| − | posterity
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| − | (Nasl)
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| − | Intellectual and
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| − | Marriage and Social solidarity moral Need fulfilment
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| − | family integrity development
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| − | Moral and Healthy Freedom from
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| − | worldly education environment conflict and
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| − | insecurity
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| − | Enrichment of
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| − | self, faith, intellect
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| − | and wealth
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| − | Sustainable human
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| − | development
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| − | 9
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| − |
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| − | Figure 6
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| − | Development of
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| − | Wealth
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| − | (Māl)
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| − | (Trust from God))
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| − | Education,
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| − | research, and Security of Employment
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| − | improvement life, Good Freedom of and self-
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| − | in technology and property governance enterprise employment
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| − | management and honour opportunities
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| − | Removal of Social
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| − | poverty, need solidarity and Saving and Optimum rate of
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| − | fulfillment and mutual Investment development
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| − | equitable trust
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| − | distribution
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| − | Enrichment of faith, self,
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| − | intellect and posterity
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| − | Well-being
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| − | (Falah)
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| − | 10
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| − |
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| − | Figure 7
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| − | Human Well-Being:
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| − | The Light of Maqasid al- Shariah
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| − | FAITH (DIN)
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| − | INTELLECT(‘AQL) SELF (NAFS)
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| − | WEALTH (MAL) POSTERITY (NASL)
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| − | 11
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