Buyer
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The word Buyer is a stemmed form of the following words:
Buyer Dictionary Definition
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from dictionary.com
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from collinsdictionary.com
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/Buyer
Buyer in Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buyer
Buyer References or Citations
In Quran
| Quran Surat | Sura and Ayah | Polarity | Sura Classification | Sura Sequence | Related Subjects | Ayah Text | English Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surat AlBaqara Ayah 102 | Surat AlBaqara | -0.13 | 87 | Harm profit, Sell souls, Mean sow, Harut marut, Permiss learn, Blasphem solomon, Knew buyer, Angel harut, Such trial, Souls knew, Gave fals, Babylon angel, Share happi, Happi hereaft, Magic babylon, Solomon blasphem, Fals power, Blasphem learn, Vile price, Power solomon, Price sell, Wife harm, Learn harm, Evil gave, Taught such, Sow discord, Teach magic, Magic share, Solomon evil, Learn mean, Buyer magic, Evil teach, Marut taught, Profit knew, Hereaft vile, Discord wife, Trial blasphem | وَاتَّبَعُوا مَا تَتْلُو الشَّيَاطِينُ عَلَى مُلْكِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَمَا كَفَرَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَلَكِنَّ الشَّيَاطِينَ كَفَرُوا يُعَلِّمُونَ النَّاسَ السِّحْرَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى الْمَلَكَيْنِ بِبَابِلَ هَارُوتَ وَمَارُوتَ وَمَا يُعَلِّمَانِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ حَتَّى يَقُولَا إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ فِتْنَةٌ فَلَا تَكْفُرْ فَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ مِنْهُمَا مَا يُفَرِّقُونَ بِهِ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَزَوْجِهِ وَمَا هُمْ بِضَارِّينَ بِهِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ مَا يَضُرُّهُمْ وَلَا يَنْفَعُهُمْ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمُوا لَمَنِ اشْتَرَاهُ مَا لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ خَلَاقٍ وَلَبِئْسَ مَا شَرَوْا بِهِ أَنْفُسَهُمْ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ | They followed what the evil ones gave out (falsely) against the power of Solomon: the blasphemers Were, not Solomon, but the evil ones, teaching men Magic, and such things as came down at babylon to the angels Harut and Marut. But neither of these taught anyone (Such things) without saying: "We are only for trial; so do not blaspheme." They learned from them the means to sow discord between man and wife. But they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's permission. And they learned what harmed them, not what profited them. And they knew that the buyers of (magic) would have no share in the happiness of the Hereafter. And vile was the price for which they did sell their souls, if they but knew! |
In Hadith Text Books
Buyer In Sahih AlBukhari
| Hadith Page | Arabic Text | English Translation | Book and Chapter |
|---|---|---|---|
| SahihAlBukhari-017-001-1998 | Narrated Amr Bin AlSharid: AlMiswar Bin Makhrama came and put his hand on my shoulder and I accompanied him to Sad. Abu Rafi said to AlMiswar; Wont you order this i.e. Sad to buy my house which is in my yard? Saad said; I will not offer more than four hundred in installments over a fixed period. Abu Rafi said; I was offered five hundred cash but I refused. Had I not heard the Prophet ﷺ saying; A neighbor is more entitled to receive the care of his neighbor; I would not have sold it to you. The narrator said; to Sufyan: Mamar did not say so. Sufyan said; But he did say so to me. Some people said; If someone wants to sell a house and deprived somebody of the right of preemption; he has the right to play a trick to render the preemption invalid. And that is by giving the house to the buyer as a present and marking its boundaries and giving it to him. The buyer then gives the seller one-thousand Dirham as compensation in which case the preemptor loses his right of preemption. | The Chapter on Worship And Alquran In Homes in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on Tricks in giftgiving and preemption in Sahih AlBukhari | |
| SahihAlBukhari-017-001-2001 | Narrated Abu Rafi: The Prophet ﷺ said; The neighbor has more right to be taken care of by his neighbor than anyone else. Some men said; If one wants to buy a house for 20;000 Dirhams then there is no harm to play a trick to deprive somebody of preemption by buying it just on paper with 20;000 Dirhams but paying to the seller only 9;999 Dirhams in cash and then agree with the seller to pay only one Dinar in cash for the rest of the price i.e. 10;001 Dirhams. If the preemptor offers 20;000 Dirhams for the house; he can buy it otherwise he has no right to buy it by this trick he got out of preemption. If the house proves to belong to somebody else other than the seller; the buyer should take back from the seller what he has paid; i.e.; 9;999 Dirhams and one Dinar; because if the house proves to belong to somebody else; so the whole bargain deal is unlawful. If the buyer finds a defect in the house and it does not belong to somebody other than the seller; the buyer may return it and receive 20;000 Dirhams instead of 9999 Dirham plus one Dinar which he actually paid. Abu Abdullah said; So that man allows some people the playing of tricks amongst the Muslims although the Prophet ﷺ said; In dealing with Muslims one should not sell them sick animals or bad things or stolen things. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Food in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on Tricks by an official person to obtain presents in Sahih AlBukhari | |
| SahihAlBukhari-017-001-4261 | Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah Messenger ﷺ said; A man bought a piece of and from another man; and the buyer found an earthenware jar filled with gold in the land. The buyer said to the seller. Take your gold; as I have bought only the land from you; but I have not bought the gold from you. The former owner of the land said; I have sold you the land with everything in it. So both of them took their case before a man who asked; Do you have children? One of them said; I have a boy. The other said; I have a girl. The man said; Marry the girl to the boy and spend the money on both of them and give the rest of it in charity. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Lands in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Prophets in Sahih AlBukhari | |
| SahihAlBukhari-017-001-5054 | Narrated Abdullah ra said; I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say If somebody buys date-palms after they have been pollinated; the fruits will belong to the seller unless the buyer stipulates the contrary. If somebody buys a slave having some property; the property will belong to the seller unless the buyer stipulate that it should belong to him. | The Chapter on Contracts And Disputes In Selling in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on To pass through a garden or to have a share in datepalms in Sahih AlBukhari | |
| SahihAlBukhari-017-001-5389 | Narrated Hakim Bin Hizam: The Prophet ﷺ said; Both the buyer and the seller have the option of canceling or confirming the bargain unless they separate. The sub-narrator; Hammam said; I found this in my book: Both the buyer and the seller give the option of either confirming or canceling the bargain three times; and if they speak the truth and mention the defects; then their bargain will be blessed; and if they tell lies and conceal the defects; they might gain some financial gain but they will deprive their sale of Allahs blessings. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Return in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on If the seller has the option of cancelling the bargain in Sahih AlBukhari | |
| SahihAlBukhari-017-001-859 | Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet ﷺ forbade two kinds of sales i.e. AlLimais and AlNibadh the former is a kind of sale in which the deal is completed if the buyer touches a thing; without seeing or checking it properly and the latter is a kind of a sale in which the deal is completed when the seller throws a thing towards the buyer giving him no opportunity to see; touch or check it and the Prophet ﷺ forbade also Ishtimal AlSamma and AlIhtiba in a single garment. | The Chapter on Financial Transactions And Sales in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on What may be used to cover the private parts of the body in Sahih AlBukhari |
In Sahih Muslim
| Hadith Page | Arabic Text | English Translation | Book and Chapter |
|---|---|---|---|
| SahihMuslim-017-001-21325 | Abdullah Bin Umar Allah be pleased with them reported Allah Massenger ﷺ as saying: He who buys a tree after it has been fecundated; its fruit belongs to one who sells it except when the provision has been laid down by the buyer that it will belong to him ; and he who buys a slave; his property belongs to one who sells him except when a provision has been laid down by the buyer that it will be transferred to him with the slave. | The Chapter on Payments And Buying Of Slaves in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on 15 in Sahih Muslim |
In Sunan AlTermithi
In Sunan AlNasai
nothing found
In Sunan Abu Dawoud
| Hadith Page | Arabic Text | English Translation | Book and Chapter |
|---|---|---|---|
| SunanAbuDawoud-017-001-28678 | Narrated Ibn Umar: The Prophet ﷺ as saying: If anyone buys a slave who possesses property. his property belongs to the seller unless buyer makes a provision and if anyone buys palm-trees after they have been fecundated; the fruit belongs to the seller unless the buyer make a provision. | The Chapter on Contracts And Disputes In Selling in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on Regarding A Slave That Is Sold While He Has Wealth in Sunan Abu Dawoud | |
| SunanAbuDawoud-017-001-28702 | Narrated AbulWadi: We fought one of our battle; and encamped at a certain place. One of our companions sold a horse for a slave. After that they remained there for the rest of day and night. When the next morning came; they prepared themselves for departure. The buyer of the horse began to saddle it; but the seller was ashamed of the transaction. He went to the man buyer and asked him to annul the transaction. The man refused to hand it over the horse to him. He said: Abu Barzah; the companion of the Prophet ﷺ ; is to decide between me and you. They went to Abu Barzah in the corner of the army. They related this story to him. He said: Do you agree that I make a decision between you on the basis of the decision of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Both parties in a business transaction have an option right to annul it so long as they have not separated. Hisham to Hassan said that Jamil said in his version: I do not think that you separated. | The Chapter on Precious Metals Transactions in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on Regarding The Option Of Both Parties To Annul A Deal in Sunan Abu Dawoud | |
| SunanAbuDawoud-017-001-28765 | Narrated Abu Bakr Ibn Abdulrahman Ibn AlHarith Ibn Hisham: The Prophet ﷺ said: If a man sells his property and the man who buys it becomes insolvent; and the seller does not receive the price of the property he had sold; but finds his very property with him i.e. the buyer ; he is more entitled to it than others. If the buyer dies; then the owner of the property is equal to the creditors. | The Chapter on Contracts And Disputes In Properties And Money in HodHood Indexing, Chapter on If A Man Becomes Bankrupt And Another Man Finds His Exact Goods With Him in Sunan Abu Dawoud |
In Muwata Malik
| Hadith Page | Arabic Text | English Translation | Book and Chapter |
|---|---|---|---|
| MuwataMalik-017-001-34915 | Yahya said; I heard Malik say that if a man pledges his garden for a stated period and the fruits of that garden are ready before the end of that period; the fruits are not included in the pledge with the real estate; unless it is stipulated by the pledger in his pledge. However; if a man receives a slave-girl as a pledge and she is pregnant or she becomes pregnant after his taking her as a pledge; her child is included with her. A distinction is made between the fruit and the child of the slave-girl. The Messenger of Allah; may Allah bless him and grant him peace; said; If someone sells a palm which has been pollinated; the fruit belongs to the seller unless the buyer stipulates its inclusion. The undisputed way of doing things in our community is that if a man sells a slave-girl or an animal with a foetus in its womb; the foetus belongs to the buyer; whether or not the buyer stipulates it. The palm is not like the animal. Fruit is not like the foetus in its mother womb. Part of what clarifies that is also that it is the usage of people to have a man pawn the fruit of the palm apart from the palm. No one pawns the foetus in its mother womb whether of slaves or animals. | The Chapter on Agriculture And Selling Of Fruits in HodHood Indexing, The Book of The Evil Eye in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-34950 | Yahya said that he heard Malik say; If a man buys a garment which has a defect; a burn or something else; which the seller knows about and that is testified against him or he confirms it; and the man who has bought it causes a new tear which decreases the price of the garment; and then he learns about the original defect; he can return it to the seller and he is not liable for his tearing it. If a man buys a garment which has a defect of a burn or flaw; and the one who sold it to him claims that he did not know about it; and the buyer has cut the garment or dyed it; then the buyer has an option. If he wishes; he can have a reduction according to what the burn or flaw detracts from the price of the garment and he can keep the garment; or if he wishes to pay damages for what the cutting or dyeing has decreased of the price of the garment and return it; he can do so. If the buyer has dyed the garment with a dye which increases the value; the buyer has an option. If he wishes; he has a reduction from the price of the garment according to what the defect diminishes or if he wishes to become a partner with the one who sold the garment he does so. The price of the garment with a burn or flaw is looked at. If the price is ten dirhams; and the amount by which the dyeing increased the value is five dirhams; then they are partners in the garment; each according to his share. In this reckoning is the amount by which the dyeing increases the price of the garment. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Return in HodHood Indexing, The Book of The Description of the Prophet may Allah Bless Him and Grant Him Peace in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-34989 | Yahya said that Malik related from Muhammad Ibn Umara from Abu Bakr Ibn Hazm that Uthman Ibn Affan said; When boundaries are fixed in land; there is no pre-emption in it. There is no pre-emption in a well or in male palm trees. Malik said; This is what is done in our community. Malik said; There is no pre-emption in a road; whether or not it is practical to divide it. Malik said; What is done in our community is that there is no pre- emption in the courtyard of a house; whether or not it is practical to divide it. Malik spoke about a man who bought into a shared property provided that he had the option of withdrawal and the partners of the seller wanted to take what their partner was selling by pre-emption before the buyer had exercised his option. Malik said; They cannot do that until the buyer has taken possession and the sale is confirmed for him. When the sale is confirmed; they have the right of pre-emption. Malik spoke about a man who bought land and it remained in his hands for some time. Then a man came and saw that he had a share of the land by inheritance. Malik said; If the man right of inheritance is established; he also has a right of preemption. If the land has produced a crop; the crop belongs to the buyer until the day when the right of the other is established; because he has tended what was planted against being destroyed or being carried away by a flood. Malik continued; If the time has been long; or the witnesses are dead or the seller has died; or the buyer has died; or they are both alive and the basis of the sale and purchase has been forgotten because of the length of time; pre- emption is discontinued. A man only takes his right by inheritance which has been established for him. If his situation differs from this; because the sale transaction is recent and he sees that the seller has concealed the price in order to sever his right of pre- emption; the value of the land is estimated; and he buys the land for that price by his right of pre-emption. Then the buildings; plants; or structures which are extra to the land are looked at; so he is in the position of some one who bought the land for a known price; and then after that built on it and planted. The owner of pre-emption takes possession after that is included. Malik said; Pre-emption is applied to the property of the deceased as it is applied to the property of the living. If the family of the deceased fear to break up the property of the deceased; then they share it and sell it; and they have no pre-emption in it. Malik said; There is no pre- emption among us in a slave or a slave-girl or a camel; a cow; sheep; or any animal; nor in clothes or a well which does not have any uncultivated land around it. Pre-emption is in what can be usefully divided; and in land in which boundaries occur. As for what cannot be usefully divided; there is no pre-emption in it. Malik said; Some one who buys land in which people who are present have a right of pre-emption; refers them to the Sultan and either they claim their right or the Sultan surrenders it to him. If he were to leave them; and not refer their situation to the Sultan and they knew about his purchase; and then they left it until a long time had passed and then came demanding their pre-emption; I do not think that they would have it. | The Chapter on Throwing And Land And Property in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Dress in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35033 | Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah Ibn Umar that Umar Ibn AlKhattab said; If a slave who has wealth is sold; that wealth belongs to the seller unless the buyer stipulates its inclusion. Malik said; The generally agreed upon way of doing things among us is that if the buyer stipulates the inclusion of the slave property whether it be cash; debts; or goods of known or unknown value; then they belong to the buyer; even if the slave possesses more than that for which he was purchased; whether he was bought for cash; as payment for a debt; or in exchange for goods. This is possible because a master is not asked to pay zakat on his slave property. If a slave has a slave-girl; it is halal for him to have intercourse with her by his right of possession. If a slave is freed or put under contract kitaba to purchase his freedom; then his property goes with him. If he becomes bankrupt; his creditors take his property and his master is not liable for any of his debts. | The Chapter on Slave As A Property in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Setting Free and Wala in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35058 | Malik said; There is no harm in buying dates from specified trees or a specified orchard or buying milk from specified sheep when the buyer starts to take them as soon as he has payed the price. That is like buying oil from a container. A man buys some of it for a dinar or two and gives his gold and stipulates that it be measured out for him. There is no harm in that. If the container breaks and the oil is wasted; the buyer has his gold back and there is no transaction between them. Malik said; There is no harm in everything which is taken right away as it is; like fresh milk and fresh picked dates which the buyer can take on a day-to-day basis. If the supply runs out before the buyer has what he has paid for in full; the seller gives him back the portion of the gold that is owed to him; or else the buyer takes other goods from him to the value of what he is owed and which they mutually agree about. The buyer should stay with the seller until he has taken it. It is disapproved of for the seller to leave because the transaction would then come into the forbidden category of a debt for a debt. If a stated time period for payment or delivery enters into the transaction; it is also disapproved. Delay and deferment are not permitted in it; and are only acceptable when it is standard practice on definite terms by which the seller guarantees it to the buyer; but this is not to be from one specific orchard or from any specific ewes. Malik was asked about a man who bought an orchard from another man in which there were various types of palm-trees - excellent ajwa palms; good kabis palms; adhq palms and othertypes. The seller kept Aasi de from the sale the produce of a certain palm of his choice. Malik said; That is not good because if he does that; and keeps Aasi de; for instance; dates of the ajwa variety whose yield would be 15 sa; and he picks the dates of the kabis in their place; and the yield of their dates is 10 sa or he picks the ajwa which yield 15 sa and leaves the kabis which yield 10 sa; it is as if he bought the ajwa for the kabis making allowances for their difference of quality. This is the same as if a man dealing with a man who has heaps of dates before him - a heap of 15 sa of ajwa; a heap of 10 sa of kabis; and a heap of 12 sa of cadhq; gives the owner of the dates a dinar to let him choose and take whichever of the heaps he likes. Malik said; That is not good. Malik was asked what a man who bought fresh dates from the owner of an orchard and advanced him a dinar was entitled to if the crop was spoilt. Malik said; The buyer makes a reckoning with the owner of the orchard and takes what is due to him of the dinar. If the buyer has taken two-thirds of a dinar worth of dates; he gets back the third of a dinar which is owed him. If the buyer has taken three-quarters of a dinar worth of dates; then he gets back the quarter which is owed to him; or they come to a mutual agreement; and the buyer takes what is owed him from his dinar from the owner of the orchard in something else of his choosing. If; for instance; he prefers to take dry dates or some other goods; he takes them according to what is due. If he takes dry dates or some other goods; he should stay with him until he has been paid in full. Malik said; This is the same situation as hiring out a specified riding-camel or hiring out a slave tailor; carpenter or some other kind of worker or letting a house and taking payment in advance for the hire of the slave or the rent of the house or camel. Then an accident happens to what has been hired resulting in death or something else. The owner of the camel; slave or house returns what remains of the rent of the camel; the hire of the slave or the rent of the house to the one who advanced him the money; and the owner reckons what will settle that up in full. If; for instance; he has provided half of what the man paid for; he returns the remaining half of what he advanced; or according to whatever amount is due. Malik said; Paying in advance for something which is on hand is only good when the buyer takes possession of what he has paid for as soon as he hands over the gold; whether it be slave; camel; or house; or in the case of dates; he starts to pick them as soon as he has paid the money. It is not good that there be any deferment or credit in such a transaction. Malik said; An example illustrating what is disapproved of in this situation is that; for instance; a man may say that he will pay someone in advance for the use of his camel to ride in the hajj; and the hajj is still some time off; or he may say something similar to that about a slave or a house. When he does that; he only pays the money in advance on the understanding that if he finds the camel to be sound at the time the hire is due to begin; he will take it by virtue of what he has already paid. If an accident; or death; or something happens to the camel; then he will get his money back and the money he paid in advance will be considered as a loan. Malik said; This is distinct from someone who takes immediate possession of what he rents or hires; so that it does not fall into the category of uncertainty; or disapproved payment in advance. That is following a common practice. An example of that is that a man buys a slave; or slave-girl; and takes possession of them and pays their price. If something happens to them within the period of the year indemnification contract; he takes his gold back from the one from whom he bought it. There is no harm in that. This is the precedent of the sunna in the matter of selling slaves. Malik said; Someone who rents a specified slave; or hires a specified camel; for a future date; at which time he will take possession of the camel or slave; has not acted properly because he did not take possession of what he rented or hired; nor is he advancing a loan which the person is responsible to pay back. | The Chapter on Financial Transactions And Gold in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Madina in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35078 | Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that a man wanted to buy food from a man in advance. The man who wanted to sell the food to him went with him to the market; and he began to show him heaps; saying; Which one would you like me to buy for you. The buyer said to him; Are you selling me what you do not have? So they came to Abdullah Ibn Umarand mentioned that to him. Abdullah Ibn Umar said to the buyer; Do not buy from him what he does not have. He said to the seller; Do not sell what you do not have. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Partnership in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Drinks in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35103 | Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya Ibn Said that AlQasim Ibn Muhammad said; I heard Abdullah Ibn Abbas say; when a man asked him about a man making an advance on some garments and then wanting to sell them back before taking possession of them; That is silver for silver; and he disapproved of it. Malik said; Our opinion is - and Allah knows best that was because he wanted to sell them to the person from whom he had bought them for more than the price for which he bought them. Had he sold them to some one other than the person from whom he had purchased them; there would not have been any harm in it. Malik said; The generally agreed on way of doing things among us concerning making an advance for slaves; cattle or goods is that when all of what is to be sold is described and an advance is made for them for a date; and the date falls due; the buyer does not sell any of that to the person from whom he has purchased it for more than the price which he advanced for it before he has taken full possession of what he has advanced for. It is usury if he does. If the buyer gives the seller dinars or dirhams and he profits with them; then; when the goods come to the buyer and he does not take them into his possession but sells them back to their owner for more than what he advanced for them; the outcome is that what he has advanced has returned to him and has been increased for him. Malik said; If someone advances gold or silver for described animals or goods which are to be delivered before a named date; and the date arrives; or it is before or after the date; there is no harm in the buyer selling those goods to the seller; for other goods; to be taken immediately and not delayed; no matter how extensive the amount of those goods is; except in the case of food because it is not halal to sell it before he has full possession of it. The buyer can sell those goods to some one other than the person from whom he purchased them for gold or silver or any goods. He takes possession of it and does not defer it because if he defers it; that is ugly and there enters into the transaction what is disapproved of: delay for delay. Delay for delay is to sell a debt against one man for a debt against another man. Malik said; If someone advances for goods to be delivered after a time; and those goods are neither something to be eaten nor drunk; he can sell them to whomever he likes for cash or goods; before he takes delivery of them; to some one other than the person from whom he purchased them. He must not sell them to the person from whom he bought them except in exchange for goods which he takes possession of immediately and does not defer. Malik said; If the delivery date for the goods has not arrived; there is no harm in selling them to the original owner for goods which are clearly different and which he takes immediate possession of and does not defer. Malik spoke about the case of a man who advanced dinars or dirhams for four specified pieces of cloth to be delivered before a specified time and when the term fell due; he demanded delivery from the seller and the seller did not have them. He found that the seller had cloth but inferior quality; and the seller said that he would give him eight of those cloths. Malik said; There is no harm in that if he takes the cloths which he offers him before they separate. It is not good if delayed terms enter into the transaction. It is also not good if that is before the end of the term; unless he sells him cloth which is notthetypeof cloth for which he made an advance. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Food in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Blood Money in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35108 | Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Hazim Ibn Dinar from Said Ibn AlMusayab that the Messenger of Allah; may Allah bless him and grant him peace; forbade the sale with uncertainty in it. Malik said; An example of one type of uncertain transaction and risk is that a man intends the price of a stray animal or escaped slave to be fifty dinars. A man says; I will take him from you for twenty dinars. If the buyer finds him; thirty dinars goes from the seller; and if he does not find him; the seller takes twenty dinars from the buyer. Malik said; There is another fault in that. If that stray is found; it is not known whether it will have increased or decreased in value or what defects may have befallen it. This transaction is greatly uncertain and risky. Malik said; According to our way of doing things; one kind of uncertain transaction and risk is selling what is in the wombs of females - women and animals - because it is not known whether or not it will come out; and if it does come out; it is not known whether it will be beautiful or ugly; normal or disabled; male or female. All that is disparate. If it has that; its price is such-and-such; and if it has this; its price is such-and-such. Malik said; Females must not be sold with what is in their wombs excluded. That is that; for instance; a man says to another; The price of my sheep which has much milk is three dinars. She is yours for two dinars while I will have her future offspring. This is disapproved because it is an uncertain transaction and a risk. Malik said; It is not halal to sell olives for olive oil or sesame for sesame oil; or butter for ghee because muzabana comes into that; because the person who buys the raw product for something specified which comes from it; does not know whether more or less will come out of that; so it is an uncertain transaction and a risk. Malik said; A similar case is the selling of ben-nuts for ben-nut oil. This is an uncertain transaction because what comes from the ben-nut is ben-oil. There is no harm in selling ben-nuts for perfumed Bin because perfumed Bin has been perfumed; mixed and changed from the state of raw ben-nut oil. Malik; speaking about a man who sold goods to a man on the provision that there was to be no loss for the buyer; i.e. if the buyer could not re-sell the goods they could go back to the seller ; said; This transaction is not permitted and it is part of risk. The explanation of why it is so; is that it is as if the seller hired the buyer for the profit if the goods make a profit. If he sells the stock at a loss; he has nothing; and his efforts are not compensated. This is not good. In such a transaction; the buyer should have a wage according to the work that he has contributed. Whatever there is of loss or profit in those goods is for and against the seller. This is only when the goods are gone and sold. If they do not go; the transaction between them is null and void. Malik said; As for a man who buys goods from a man and he concludes the sale and then the buyer regrets and asks to have the price reduced and the seller refuses and says; Sell it and I will compensate you for any loss. There is no harm in this because there is no risk. It is something he proposes to him; and their transaction was not based on that. That is what is done among us. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Partnership in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Blood Money in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35113 | Malik related to me that he had heard that Abdullah Ibn Masud used to relate that the Messenger of Allah; may Allah bless him and grant him peace; said; When two parties dispute about a business transaction; the seller word is taken; or they make an agreement among themselves. Malik spoke about someone who sold goods to a man; and said at the contracting of the sale; I will sell to you provided I consult so-and-so. If he is satisfied; the sale is permitted. If he dislikes it; there is no sale between us. They made the transaction on that basis. Then the buyer regretted before the seller consulted the person. Malik said; That sale is binding on them according to what they described. The buyer has no right of withdrawal; and it is binding on him; if the person whom the seller stipulated to him; permits it. Malik said; The way of doing things among us about a man who buys goods from another and they differ about the price; and the seller says; I sold them to you for ten dinars; and the buyer says; I bought them from you for five dinars; is that it is said to the seller; If you like; give them to the buyer for what he said. If you like; swear by Allah that you only sold your goods for what you said. If he swears it is said to the buyer; Either you take the goods for what the seller said; or you swear by Allah that you bought them only for what you said. If he swears; he is free to return the goods. That is when each of them testifies against the other. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Partnership in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Blood Money in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35118 | 86 Malik related to me from Mousa Ibn Maysara that he heard a man ask Said Ibn AlMusayab; I am a man who sells for a debt. Said said; Do not sell except for what you take to your camel. Malik spoke about a person who bought goods from a man provided that he provide him with those goods by a specific date; either in time for a market in which he hoped for their saleability; or to fulfil a need at the time he stipulated. Then the seller failed him about the date; and the buyer wanted to return those goods to the seller. Malik said; The buyer cannot do that; and the sale is binding on him. If the seller does bring the goods before the completion of the term; the buyer cannot be forced to take them. Malik spoke about a person who bought food and measured it. Then some one came to him to buy it and he told him that he had measured it for himself and taken it in full. The new buyer wanted to trust him and accept his measure. Malik said; Whatever is sold in this way for cash has no harm in it but whatever is sold in this way on delayed terms is disapproved of until the new buyer measures it out for himself. The sale with delayed terms is disapproved of because it leads to usury and it is feared that it will be circulated in this way without weight or measure. If the terms are delayed it is disapproved of and there is no disagreement about that with us. Malik said; One should not buy a debt owed by a man whether present or absent; without the confirmation of the one who owes the debt; nor should one buy a debt owed to a man by a dead person even if one knows what the deceased man has left. That is because to buy that is an uncertain transaction and one does not know whether the transaction will be completed or not completed. He said; The explanation of what is disapproved of in buying a debt owed by someone absent or dead; is that it is not known what unknown debtor may be connected to the dead person. If the dead person is liable for another debt; the price which the buyer gave on strength of the debt may become worthless. Malik said; There is another fault in that as well. He is buying something which is not guaranteed for him; and so if the deal is not completed; what he paid becomes worthless. This is an uncertain transaction and it is not good. Malik said; One distinguishes between a man who is only selling what he actually has and a man who is being paid in advance for something which is not yet in his possession. The man advancing the money brings his gold which he intends to buy with. The seller says; This is 10 dinars. What do you want me to buy for you with it? It is as if he sold 10 dinars cash for 15 dinars to be paid later. Because of this; it is disapproved of. It is something leading to usury and fraud. | The Chapter on Financial Transactions And Gold in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Blood Money in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35120 | Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Abu Bakr Ibn Abdulrahman Ibn AlHarith Ibn Hisham that the Messenger of Allah; may Allah bless him and grant him peace; said; Whenever a man sells wares and then the buyer becomes bankrupt and the seller has not taken any of the price and he finds some of his property intact with the buyer; he is more entitled to it than anyone else. If the buyer dies; then the seller is the same as other creditors with respect to it. | The Chapter on Peace And Killing in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Blood Money in Muwata Malik | |
| MuwataMalik-017-001-35121 | Malik related to me from Yahya Ibn Said from Abu Bakr Ibn Muhammad Ibn Amr Ibn Hazm from Umar Ibn Abdal-Aziz from Abu Bakr Ibn Abdulrahman Ibn AlHarith Ibn Hisham from Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah; may Allah bless him and grant him peace; said; If anyone goes bankrupt; and a man finds his own property intact with him; he is more entitled to it than anyone else. Malik spoke about a man who sold a man wares; and the buyer went bankrupt. He said; The seller takes whatever of his goods he finds. If the buyer has sold some of them and distributed them; the seller of the wares is more entitled to them than the creditors. What the buyer has distributed does not prevent the seller from taking whatever of it he finds. It is the seller right if he has received any of the price from the buyer and he wants to return it to take what he finds of his wares; and in what he does not find; he is like the creditors. Malik spoke about some one who bought spun wool or a plot of land; and then did some work on it; like building a house on the plot of land or weaving the spun wool into cloth. Then he went bankrupt after he had bought it; and the original owner of the plot said; I will take the plot and whatever structure is on it. Malik said; That structure is not his. However; the plot and what is in it that the buyer has improved is appraised. Then one sees what the price of the plot is and how much of that value is the price of the structure. They are partners in that. The owner of the plot has as much as his portion; and the creditors have the amount of the portion of the structure. Malik said; The explanation of that is that the value of it all is fifteen hundred dirhams. The value of the plot is five hundred dirhams; and the value of the building is one thousand dirhams. The owner of the plot has a third; and the creditors have two-thirds. Malik said; It is like that with spinning and other things of the same nature in these circumstances and the buyer has a debt which he cannot pay. This is the behaviour in such cases. Malik said; As for goods which have been sold and which the buyer does not improve; but those goods sell well and have gone up in price; so their owner wants them and the creditors also want to seize them; then the creditors choose between giving the owner of the goods the price for which he sold them and not giving him any loss and surrendering his goods to him. If the price of the goods has gone down; the one who sold them has a choice. If he likes; he can take his goods and he has no claim to any of his debtor property; and that is his right. If he likes; he can be one of the creditors and take a portion of his due and not take his goods. That is up to him. Malik said about someone who bought a slave-girl or animal and she gave birth in his possession and the buyer went bankrupt; The slave-girl or the animal and the offspring belong to the seller unless the creditors desire it. In that case they give him his complete due and they take it. | The Chapter on Financial Transaction And Lands in HodHood Indexing, The Book of Blood Money in Muwata Malik |
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